Chess originated in India as the 6th century game "caturanga," which featured a military theme. Pieces were named after military divisions of the time. Infantry, cavalry, elephants and chariots in Indian chess sets later evolved into the pawn, knight, bishop, and rook we know today.
Persian and Arab traders later brought the game into the Middle East where it became "shatranj." Some areas used the name "shah," which is Persian for "king". This usage may have involved into the current terms "check" and "chess."
In the 10th century, Moorish traders introduced the game into southern Europe, where it became popular in Spain and Italy.
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